Brazil - coup acts of January 8

 

 

 coup acts of January 8

The  attacks of January 8, 2023 in Brasília , also commonly referred to as  January 8  or as  January 8 coup acts , [ 13 ] [ 14 ]  were a series of  vandalisms ,  invasions  and  depredations of public property  committed by a crowd of extremist supporters of former president  Jair Bolsonaro [ 7 ]  who invaded federal government buildings in  Brasília  with the aim of instigating a  military coup  against the  elected government  and reestablishing  Jair Bolsonaro  as  president of Brazil .

Around 1 pm,  Brasília time , around 4 thousand  radicals [ 8 ]  left the  Army Headquarters  and marched towards  Praça dos Três Poderes , [ 15 ]  coming into conflict with the  Military Police of the Federal District  ( PMDF) on the  Esplanada dos Ministérios . Before 3 pm, the crowd broke the security barrier established by law enforcement forces and occupied the ramp and roof slab of the  National Congress Palace , while part of the group managed to invade and vandalize the Congress, the  Planalto Palace  and the  National Palace . of the Federal Supreme Court . [ 16 ]  President  Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva  and former president  Jair Bolsonaro  were not in Brasília at the time of the invasions. The  Federal Supreme Court  considered that the events were  acts of terrorism , despite the fact that to date there are no specific punishments for such acts in the Brazilian Penal Code. [ 17 ]

The governor of the  Federal District ,  Ibaneis Rocha , reported that more than 400 people had been detained by 9 pm. The following day, around 1,200 people who were camped in front of the Army HQ were also detained and taken by bus to the  Federal Police headquarters . As of March 2023,  2,182  people have been arrested for participating or being involved in the attacks. [ 18 ]  Shortly after the events, Ibaneis Rocha dismissed the secretary of public security and former minister of Justice  in the  Jair Bolsonaro government ,  Anderson Torres , who was in  Orlando  on the day of the invasions. [ 19 ]  Subsequently, the minister of the  Federal Supreme Court ,  Alexandre de Moraes , ordered Ibaneis' removal for an initial period of 90 days, a decision revoked on March 15. [ 20 ]  After the attacks, President  Lula  signed a decree authorizing  federal intervention in the Federal District , which lasted until January 31st.

Government representatives criticized what happened and declared that those responsible for the violent acts, as well as their financiers and instigators, will be identified and punished. Leaders of several Brazilian parties repudiated the invasion, considered it a serious attack on  democracy  and demanded the punishment of those responsible. Many national leaders also condemned the invasion, expressing their solidarity with the Brazilian government. Many analysts compared the event to the  2021 invasion of the United States Capitol  by supporters of  Donald Trump , who refused to accept his election defeat. [ 21 ] [ 22 ]  Another comparison alludes to the  Integralist Intentona  of 1938 when referring to the attacks, due to their similarity to the  failed coup attempts  by a  far-right group  at the time. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] [ 25 ] [ 26 ] [ 27 ]  Several social movements called for acts to repudiate the invasion and in defense of democracy, [ 28 ]  took place on January 9th in  São Paulo ,  Rio de Janeiro ,  Porto Alegre ,  Recife ,  Curitiba ,  Belo Horizonte  and other cities, bringing together thousands of people. [ 29 ]

Background

Jair Bolsonaro's false allegations about the electoral system

See main article:  Fake news in the elections in Brazil in 2022

Jair Bolsonaro during a meeting with foreign diplomats in 2022, where he disseminated fake news about the electoral process.

Jair Bolsonaro alleged that  electronic voting machines  used in Brazil were prone to fraud since at least 2015, when he was a federal deputy, author of a constitutional amendment that provided for printed votes in the country. When releasing the amendment, Bolsonaro said that only with a printed vote could he "democratically remove the  PT  from the country in 2018". [ 30 ]  This amendment was later overturned by the  Federal Supreme Court  and was not implemented in the  2018 elections , according to the understanding that this could create a risk of breach of confidentiality and freedom of choice, due to the possibility of poll workers needing to intervene in case of printing failure. [ 31 ]

As president, he repeatedly disseminated false news about the reliability of the ballot boxes, the 2018 elections and made attacks on the  Superior Electoral Court  and the STF. Bolsonaro claimed that there was a deviation of votes in the 2018 election and that he would have been elected in the first round. [ 32 ] [ 33 ]  In addition to saying that there would not be clean elections without the printed vote, he also stated that there would be a coordination between ministers from the Supreme Court and the TSE to rig the results of the elections. [ 34 ] [ 35 ]  During the  2022 presidential election , in which Bolsonaro tried to be re-elected, several politicians, organizations and members of civil society expressed concern about the possibility of a  self-coup  or an action similar to the  invasion of the State Capitol Unidos , which took place in 2021. [ 36 ] [ 37 ] [ 38 ]

source images and videos google

source essay https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataques_de_8_de_janeiro_em_Bras%C3%ADlia