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Brazil - The irresponsible and criminal privatization of Vale do Rio Doce
Brazil -
The irresponsible and criminal privatization of Vale do Rio Doce
Cardoso administration
The Government Fernando Henrique Cardoso government also called, began with the possession of the presidency porFernando Henrique Cardoso, on January 1, 1995, and ended on January 1, 2003, when he took Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva.
Fernando Henrique Cardoso was president for two consecutive terms (1995-1998 and 1999-2003). Its main brands were the consolidation of the Real Plan, which began in the government of his predecessor, presidenteItamar Franco, the reform of the Brazilian state, with the privatization of state enterprises, the creation of regulatory agencies and to change the legislation governing the civil service, and the introduction of cash transfer programs such as Bolsa Escola.
BHP Billiton Ltd.
The Government Fernando Henrique Cardoso government also called, began with the possession of the presidency porFernando Henrique Cardoso, on January 1, 1995, and ended on January 1, 2003, when he took Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva.
Fernando Henrique Cardoso was president for two consecutive terms (1995-1998 and 1999-2003). Its main brands were the consolidation of the Real Plan, which began in the government of his predecessor, presidenteItamar Franco, the reform of the Brazilian state, with the privatization of state enterprises, the creation of regulatory agencies and to change the legislation governing the civil service, and the introduction of cash transfer programs such as Bolsa Escola.
BHP Billiton Ltd.
privatization
irresponsible government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
The government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2003) performed the largest privatizations in Brazil's history. [1] During this period, approximately R $ 78.6 billion went to public funds from privatization. [2] The sale of state-owned enterprises It was a government response to prevent the worsening of public debt. [3] However, privatization did not contain the increase in debt, which was $ 269 billion in 1996 to US $ 881 billion in 2002. [3] [4] on the other hand, the population has benefited from the privatization of energy sector companies and telecommunications, which contributed to the universalization of basic services such as mobile telephony, internet and broadband. [2]
FIRST TERM [Edit | EDIT SOURCE CODE]
During the first term of Fernando Henrique, which started on January 1, 1995 and ended on December 31, 1998, there was the privatization of eighty companies. [3]
Vale do Rio Doce [edit | edit source]
In May 1997, Cardoso privatized Vale do Rio Doce Company, founded by the federal government in 1942, selling the shareholding of belonging to the government and its control by R $ 3.3 billion. [5] [6] Currently, Vale is one of the largest private companies in Brazil, with a market value estimated at US $ 53 billion. [7] Proponents of privatization argue that the measure was beneficial, since today it generates more jobs to the country and more taxes to the federal government than at the time when it was still state-owned. [8] The company has about sixty thousand people employed and collects three billion dollars in taxes annually. [8] [9] In 2008, it earned $ 38.5 billion and accounted for half of the primary surplus in Brazil. [8] [10]
The privatization of Vale is the target of much criticism and controversy, which refer to bribery charges during the auction, [11] [12] vices in the sale and undervaluation notice. [13] [14] In 2007, over one hundred lawsuits challenging the sale were open. [15] Many of these lawsuits accuse the National Bank for Economic Development, in charge of privatizations, and Fernando Henrique to undervalue the company at the time of its sale. [15] [16] In 2010, the Minister the Supreme Court Gilmar Mendes suspended all lawsuits to annul the privatization process. [17] The suspension will remain in effect until the Supreme give final judgment in the case. [17] [18]
"The privatization of Vale do Rio Doce was one public company donation to a private group. Fernando Henrique sold Vale for less than the governor of Rio Grande do Sul, Antonio Britto sold the Electricity Company of the State [CEEE] . "
-Senador Pedro Simon, December 2008. [19]
Telebras [edit | edit source]
Main article: Privatization of Telebras
In July 1998, the privatization of Telebras occurred, the largest in Brazilian history. [20] The federal government collected R $ 22.058 billion for 20% of the shares belonged to him and representing the shareholding control of the company. [21] Telebras was divided into twelve companies, which were auctioned in the Rio de Janeiro Stock Exchange, three fixed groups of eight mobile and long distance. [21]
Scandal [edit | edit source]
Main article: BNDES clip Scandal
In 1999, the Folha de S.Paulo newspaper obtained recorded conversations through illegal staple in BNDES phones, which raised suspicions that President Fernando Henrique took part in an operation to take advantage of a consortium of Telebras auction. [22] The federal police refused to investigate the content of the talks, claiming they were obtained illegally and does not have legal value. [23]
At the time, some experts advocated the impeachment of FHC. Fábio Konder Comparato, professor of commercial law at USP, and Celso Antonio Bandeira de Mello, a professor at PUC-SP, said that the president has committed a crime committed by authorizing the use of his name to press the pension fund Previ to join the Opportunity of the consortium. [24] Celso Bastos, on the other hand, then a professor of constitutional law at PUC, claimed that the irregularities were not serious enough to justify a request for impeachment. In May 1999, governing parties have come together to prevent the installation of a CPIpara investigate the case. [25] Unable to open investigation against the president, the opposition organized protests by impeachment, but the case has not been investigated. [26]
The scandal led to the fall of Luiz Carlos Mendonça de Barros (Communications Minister), André Lara Resende (chairman of BNDS), Pio Borges (Vice President of BNDS) and José Roberto Mendonça de Barros (executive secretary of the Foreign Trade Chamber ). [27]
CRITICAL [Edit | EDIT SOURCE CODE]
In December 2011, the book A Privataria Tucana, the reporter Amaury Ribeiro Jr., accuses the so-called "Age of Privatization", promoted by the government of Fernando Henrique through its Planning Minister Jose Serra, a "true piracy practiced public money for the benefit of private wealth, through so-called 'offshore', the Caribbean shell companies [...]. "[28]
RESEARCH PUBLIC OPINION [Edit | EDIT SOURCE CODE]
In 1994 an Ibope poll on privatization of state banks showed that 57% of the population was in favor of full or partial privatization and 31% were opposed. [29] In 1995, another survey by Ibope indicated that 43% of Brazilians were in Please privatization and 34% were against. [29]
In 1998, a survey by Latinobarómetro showed that half of Brazilians considered that privatization benefited the country. [30] The index was higher than the average of Latin America (46%). [30] The support fell from that year, reaching 33% when Lula took office. [30] According to the researcher, support for privatization is growing again, reaching its peak in 2009 when 50% were in favor. [30] But an Ibope poll in 2007 indicated otherwise. [29] The survey, which interviewed thousand voters, found that 62% of voters were against and 25% favorable. [29]
Source writing pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privatizações_do_governo_Fernando_Henrique_Cardoso
WORTH IT?
Primarily responsible for the air pollution that harms the residents of Greater Victoria, the valley shone in the government of the State of the event which marked the partnership for operation of the Capixaba Centre for Hydrometeorological Monitoring (CCMH). The action is part of the Adaptation to Climate Change Program and "fits like a glove" to the strategy of "greenwashing" promoted by the mining company, recently included in the list of 50 biggest polluters in the world. Ironic? Contradictory? All this and more.
The position of the Valley in the ranking is part of a survey conducted by the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), an independent organization that monitors the main companies related to global warming. Brazil, only Vale and Petrobras entered the cake. Undoubtedly contributed to the high levels of emissions that gave the company more negative this title, the plants installed at Shark Point.
And where is located the so Radar? In Portocel, port terminal of Aracruz Celulose (Fibria), another pollutant emitting greenhouse gases and deforestation left and right to native forest, which contributes to global warming. Technical visit carried out another day there also was attended Casagrande and his staff, representatives of Vale and Portocel.
But do not talk about money Aracruz in business, the company only "reap the laurels." It's not always the case, the company lives firming "partnerships" and more "partnerships" with the state government. It's part of the game.
The money invested by polluting projects like these is a strategy that aims to guide the actions of the companies commitment to tackling natural disasters and climate change. They also participate in the dissemination of information on emissions and discussion forums on the subject programs. The idea is just "show service" and try to thus hide the impacts that generates the places where it operates.
The mining company primarily has targeted its target for the issue, as it records every year, recent growth in their emissions across the country - in the Holy Spirit, so ... Which is why investing heavily in advertising. The Justice on Rails, an organization that follows step by step the company the other day pointed the size of which is this makeup: R $ 180 million per year, only in marketing.
Then Anything goes, to promise reduction of 5% of their overall emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) projected for 2020. But while deceiving the people, and posing in the photo alongside government representatives, the company tries license its eighth plant in Tubarão, which will worsen - and - emission rates in Greater Victoria. Account for this, with the help of always your biggest partner, comrade brother the state government.
Source: Century Journal
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